Project flow

LaminDB allows tracking data flow on the entire project level.

Here, we walk through exemplified app uploads, pipelines & notebooks following Schmidt et al., 2022.

A CRISPR screen reading out a phenotypic endpoint on T cells is paired with scRNA-seq to generate insights into IFN-γ production.

These insights get linked back to the original data through the steps taken in the project to provide context for interpretation & future decision making.

More specifically: Why should I care about data flow?

Data flow tracks data sources & transformations to trace biological insights, verify experimental outcomes, meet regulatory standards, increase the robustness of research and optimize the feedback loop of team-wide learning iterations.

While tracking data flow is easier when it’s governed by deterministic pipelines, it becomes hard when it’s governed by interactive human-driven analyses.

LaminDB interfaces workflow mangers for the former and embraces the latter.

Setup

Init a test instance:

!lamin init --storage ./mydata

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✅ saved: User(id='DzTjkKse', handle='testuser1', email='testuser1@lamin.ai', name='Test User1', updated_at=2023-09-29 14:47:12)
✅ saved: Storage(id='ETrD1VEb', root='/home/runner/work/lamin-usecases/lamin-usecases/docs/mydata', type='local', updated_at=2023-09-29 14:47:12, created_by_id='DzTjkKse')
💡 loaded instance: testuser1/mydata
💡 did not register local instance on hub (if you want, call `lamin register`)

Import lamindb:

import lamindb as ln
from IPython.display import Image, display

💡 loaded instance: testuser1/mydata (lamindb 0.54.3)

Steps

In the following, we walk through exemplified steps covering different types of transforms (Transform).

Note

The full notebooks are in this repository.

App upload of phenotypic data

Register data through app upload from wetlab by testuser1:

ln.setup.login("testuser1")
transform = ln.Transform(name="Upload GWS CRISPRa result", type="app")
ln.track(transform)
output_path = ln.dev.datasets.schmidt22_crispra_gws_IFNG(ln.settings.storage)
output_file = ln.File(output_path, description="Raw data of schmidt22 crispra GWS")
output_file.save()

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💡 Transform(id='qe4pWG3j5vQ745', name='Upload GWS CRISPRa result', type='app', updated_at=2023-09-29 14:47:15, created_by_id='DzTjkKse')

💡 Run(id='X7CAgsbU30D4ln2mLfFj', run_at=2023-09-29 14:47:15, transform_id='qe4pWG3j5vQ745', created_by_id='DzTjkKse')

Hit identification in notebook

Access, transform & register data in drylab by testuser2:

ln.setup.login("testuser2")
transform = ln.Transform(name="GWS CRIPSRa analysis", type="notebook")
ln.track(transform)
# access
input_file = ln.File.filter(key="schmidt22-crispra-gws-IFNG.csv").one()
# identify hits
input_df = input_file.load().set_index("id")
output_df = input_df[input_df["pos|fdr"] < 0.01].copy()
# register hits in output file
ln.File(output_df, description="hits from schmidt22 crispra GWS").save()

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💡 Transform(id='DR8CAOxSIrsZo2', name='GWS CRIPSRa analysis', type='notebook', updated_at=2023-09-29 14:47:16, created_by_id='bKeW4T6E')

💡 Run(id='lRuZRSuGeesWowQ5k3WF', run_at=2023-09-29 14:47:16, transform_id='DR8CAOxSIrsZo2', created_by_id='bKeW4T6E')

Inspect data flow:

file = ln.File.filter(description="hits from schmidt22 crispra GWS").one()
file.view_flow()

Sequencer upload

Upload files from sequencer:

ln.setup.login("testuser1")
ln.track(ln.Transform(name="Chromium 10x upload", type="pipeline"))
# register output files of upload
upload_dir = ln.dev.datasets.dir_scrnaseq_cellranger(
    "perturbseq", basedir=ln.settings.storage, output_only=False
)
ln.File(upload_dir.parent / "fastq/perturbseq_R1_001.fastq.gz").save()
ln.File(upload_dir.parent / "fastq/perturbseq_R2_001.fastq.gz").save()
ln.setup.login("testuser2")

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💡 Transform(id='mJzeqss39jM21q', name='Chromium 10x upload', type='pipeline', updated_at=2023-09-29 14:47:17, created_by_id='DzTjkKse')

💡 Run(id='rBm7jNCBzbMSyoXdMFtD', run_at=2023-09-29 14:47:17, transform_id='mJzeqss39jM21q', created_by_id='DzTjkKse')

❗ file has more than one suffix (path.suffixes), inferring: '.fastq.gz'

❗ file has more than one suffix (path.suffixes), inferring: '.fastq.gz'

scRNA-seq bioinformatics pipeline

Process uploaded files using a script or workflow manager: Pipelines and obtain 3 output files in a directory filtered_feature_bc_matrix/:

transform = ln.Transform(name="Cell Ranger", version="7.2.0", type="pipeline")
ln.track(transform)
# access uploaded files as inputs for the pipeline
input_files = ln.File.filter(key__startswith="fastq/perturbseq").all()
input_paths = [file.stage() for file in input_files]
# register output files
output_files = ln.File.from_dir("./mydata/perturbseq/filtered_feature_bc_matrix/")
ln.save(output_files)

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💡 Transform(id='tuX9fUIrix2Pns', name='Cell Ranger', version='7.2.0', type='pipeline', updated_at=2023-09-29 14:47:18, created_by_id='bKeW4T6E')

💡 Run(id='jns6ERpAXfjaOoH2MHIC', run_at=2023-09-29 14:47:18, transform_id='tuX9fUIrix2Pns', created_by_id='bKeW4T6E')

❗ file has more than one suffix (path.suffixes), inferring: '.tsv.gz'

❗ file has more than one suffix (path.suffixes), inferring: '.mtx.gz'

❗ file has more than one suffix (path.suffixes), inferring: '.tsv.gz'

Post-process these 3 files:

transform = ln.Transform(name="Postprocess Cell Ranger", version="2.0", type="pipeline")
ln.track(transform)
input_files = [f.stage() for f in output_files]
output_path = ln.dev.datasets.schmidt22_perturbseq(basedir=ln.settings.storage)
output_file = ln.File(output_path, description="perturbseq counts")
output_file.save()

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❗ record with similar name exist! did you mean to load it?

	id	__ratio__
name
Cell Ranger	tuX9fUIrix2Pns	90.0

💡 Transform(id='kdw9gthMdxa3Xo', name='Postprocess Cell Ranger', version='2.0', type='pipeline', updated_at=2023-09-29 14:47:18, created_by_id='bKeW4T6E')

💡 Run(id='YqiNUky6bgsUCYOdWHcG', run_at=2023-09-29 14:47:18, transform_id='kdw9gthMdxa3Xo', created_by_id='bKeW4T6E')

Inspect data flow:

output_files[0].view_flow()

Integrate scRNA-seq & phenotypic data

Integrate data in a notebook:

transform = ln.Transform(
    name="Perform single cell analysis, integrate with CRISPRa screen",
    type="notebook",
)
ln.track(transform)

file_ps = ln.File.filter(description__icontains="perturbseq").one()
adata = file_ps.load()
file_hits = ln.File.filter(description="hits from schmidt22 crispra GWS").one()
screen_hits = file_hits.load()

import scanpy as sc

sc.tl.score_genes(adata, adata.var_names.intersection(screen_hits.index).tolist())
filesuffix = "_fig1_score-wgs-hits.png"
sc.pl.umap(adata, color="score", show=False, save=filesuffix)
filepath = f"figures/umap{filesuffix}"
file = ln.File(filepath, key=filepath)
file.save()
filesuffix = "fig2_score-wgs-hits-per-cluster.png"
sc.pl.matrixplot(
    adata, groupby="cluster_name", var_names=["score"], show=False, save=filesuffix
)
filepath = f"figures/matrixplot_{filesuffix}"
file = ln.File(filepath, key=filepath)
file.save()

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💡 Transform(id='TvRyTUGGex9eYm', name='Perform single cell analysis, integrate with CRISPRa screen', type='notebook', updated_at=2023-09-29 14:47:19, created_by_id='bKeW4T6E')

💡 Run(id='PN2jD9BXPmyhfih6Gmfn', run_at=2023-09-29 14:47:19, transform_id='TvRyTUGGex9eYm', created_by_id='bKeW4T6E')

WARNING: saving figure to file figures/umap_fig1_score-wgs-hits.png

WARNING: saving figure to file figures/matrixplot_fig2_score-wgs-hits-per-cluster.png

Review results

Let’s load one of the plots:

ln.track()
file = ln.File.filter(key__contains="figures/matrixplot").one()
file.stage()

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💡 notebook imports: ipython==8.16.0 lamindb==0.54.3 scanpy==1.9.5

💡 Transform(id='1LCd8kco9lZUz8', name='Project flow', short_name='project-flow', version='0', type=notebook, updated_at=2023-09-29 14:47:21, created_by_id='bKeW4T6E')

💡 Run(id='n8WrzWNBIj9ouDWEOM7Z', run_at=2023-09-29 14:47:21, transform_id='1LCd8kco9lZUz8', created_by_id='bKeW4T6E')

PosixUPath('/home/runner/work/lamin-usecases/lamin-usecases/docs/mydata/figures/matrixplot_fig2_score-wgs-hits-per-cluster.png')

display(Image(filename=file.path))

We see that the image file is tracked as an input of the current notebook. The input is highlighted, the notebook follows at the bottom:

file.view_flow()

Alternatively, we can also look at the sequence of transforms:

transform = ln.Transform.search("Bird's eye view", return_queryset=True).first()
transform.parents.df()

	name	short_name	version	type	reference	reference_type	initial_version_id	updated_at	created_by_id
id
DR8CAOxSIrsZo2	GWS CRIPSRa analysis	None	None	notebook	None	None	None	2023-09-29 14:47:16	bKeW4T6E
kdw9gthMdxa3Xo	Postprocess Cell Ranger	None	2.0	pipeline	None	None	None	2023-09-29 14:47:19	bKeW4T6E

transform.view_parents()

Understand runs

We tracked pipeline and notebook runs through run_context, which stores a Transform and a Run record as a global context.

File objects are the inputs and outputs of runs.

What if I don’t want a global context?

Sometimes, we don’t want to create a global run context but manually pass a run when creating a file:

run = ln.Run(transform=transform)
ln.File(filepath, run=run)

When does a file appear as a run input?

When accessing a file via stage(), load() or backed(), two things happen:

1. The current run gets added to file.input_of

2. The transform of that file gets added as a parent of the current transform

You can then switch off auto-tracking of run inputs if you set ln.settings.track_run_inputs = False: Can I disable tracking run inputs?

You can also track run inputs on a case by case basis via is_run_input=True, e.g., here:

file.load(is_run_input=True)

Query by provenance

We can query or search for the notebook that created the file:

transform = ln.Transform.search("GWS CRIPSRa analysis", return_queryset=True).first()

And then find all the files created by that notebook:

ln.File.filter(transform=transform).df()

	storage_id	key	suffix	accessor	description	version	size	hash	hash_type	transform_id	run_id	initial_version_id	updated_at	created_by_id
id
OT3XaM6qjKPMr9rkiIxd	ETrD1VEb	None	.parquet	DataFrame	hits from schmidt22 crispra GWS	None	18368	TufBUAIQVzLPDJ4sCV_kTg	md5	DR8CAOxSIrsZo2	lRuZRSuGeesWowQ5k3WF	None	2023-09-29 14:47:16	bKeW4T6E

Which transform ingested a given file?

file = ln.File.filter().first()
file.transform

Transform(id='qe4pWG3j5vQ745', name='Upload GWS CRISPRa result', type='app', updated_at=2023-09-29 14:47:15, created_by_id='DzTjkKse')

And which user?

file.created_by

User(id='DzTjkKse', handle='testuser1', email='testuser1@lamin.ai', name='Test User1', updated_at=2023-09-29 14:47:17)

Which transforms were created by a given user?

users = ln.User.lookup()

ln.Transform.filter(created_by=users.testuser2).df()

	name	short_name	version	type	reference	reference_type	initial_version_id	updated_at	created_by_id
id
DR8CAOxSIrsZo2	GWS CRIPSRa analysis	None	None	notebook	None	None	None	2023-09-29 14:47:16	bKeW4T6E
tuX9fUIrix2Pns	Cell Ranger	None	7.2.0	pipeline	None	None	None	2023-09-29 14:47:18	bKeW4T6E
kdw9gthMdxa3Xo	Postprocess Cell Ranger	None	2.0	pipeline	None	None	None	2023-09-29 14:47:19	bKeW4T6E
TvRyTUGGex9eYm	Perform single cell analysis, integrate with C...	None	None	notebook	None	None	None	2023-09-29 14:47:21	bKeW4T6E
1LCd8kco9lZUz8	Project flow	project-flow	0	notebook	None	None	None	2023-09-29 14:47:21	bKeW4T6E

Which notebooks were created by a given user?

ln.Transform.filter(created_by=users.testuser2, type="notebook").df()

	name	short_name	version	type	reference	reference_type	initial_version_id	updated_at	created_by_id
id
DR8CAOxSIrsZo2	GWS CRIPSRa analysis	None	None	notebook	None	None	None	2023-09-29 14:47:16	bKeW4T6E
TvRyTUGGex9eYm	Perform single cell analysis, integrate with C...	None	None	notebook	None	None	None	2023-09-29 14:47:21	bKeW4T6E
1LCd8kco9lZUz8	Project flow	project-flow	0	notebook	None	None	None	2023-09-29 14:47:21	bKeW4T6E

We can also view all recent additions to the entire database:

ln.view()

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File

	storage_id	key	suffix	accessor	description	version	size	hash	hash_type	transform_id	run_id	initial_version_id	updated_at	created_by_id
id
LcG9JnZQYcL9kYTD3ZpM	ETrD1VEb	figures/matrixplot_fig2_score-wgs-hits-per-clu...	.png	None	None	None	28814	H0Pxpa-fZOvigo74eXHZsQ	md5	TvRyTUGGex9eYm	PN2jD9BXPmyhfih6Gmfn	None	2023-09-29 14:47:21	bKeW4T6E
nXd09oLggyLR6agh1fX1	ETrD1VEb	figures/umap_fig1_score-wgs-hits.png	.png	None	None	None	118999	1-WtAvRL1d_SSjZvMMOMkg	md5	TvRyTUGGex9eYm	PN2jD9BXPmyhfih6Gmfn	None	2023-09-29 14:47:21	bKeW4T6E
SkHs5dTc9DDyQgZSVKkZ	ETrD1VEb	schmidt22_perturbseq.h5ad	.h5ad	AnnData	perturbseq counts	None	20659936	la7EvqEUMDlug9-rpw-udA	md5	kdw9gthMdxa3Xo	YqiNUky6bgsUCYOdWHcG	None	2023-09-29 14:47:19	bKeW4T6E
MAk90Tvti66iEMTbiauz	ETrD1VEb	perturbseq/filtered_feature_bc_matrix/barcodes...	.tsv.gz	None	None	None	6	T4S-4mjrW-Ex9_EURn4w1Q	md5	tuX9fUIrix2Pns	jns6ERpAXfjaOoH2MHIC	None	2023-09-29 14:47:18	bKeW4T6E
nFm5yj0hLch31bXpX4Iq	ETrD1VEb	perturbseq/filtered_feature_bc_matrix/matrix.m...	.mtx.gz	None	None	None	6	sKABn74qfyhhq1ecJbrawQ	md5	tuX9fUIrix2Pns	jns6ERpAXfjaOoH2MHIC	None	2023-09-29 14:47:18	bKeW4T6E
odyj4aFM3VkppxwGzozy	ETrD1VEb	perturbseq/filtered_feature_bc_matrix/features...	.tsv.gz	None	None	None	6	BKtIzR94vsv0biOFoHZX5g	md5	tuX9fUIrix2Pns	jns6ERpAXfjaOoH2MHIC	None	2023-09-29 14:47:18	bKeW4T6E
eVqgwp3CLhwO4VTcJzFZ	ETrD1VEb	fastq/perturbseq_R2_001.fastq.gz	.fastq.gz	None	None	None	6	qK3pDLopId9i9zwvIWoiEg	md5	mJzeqss39jM21q	rBm7jNCBzbMSyoXdMFtD	None	2023-09-29 14:47:17	DzTjkKse

Run

	transform_id	run_at	created_by_id	reference	reference_type
id
X7CAgsbU30D4ln2mLfFj	qe4pWG3j5vQ745	2023-09-29 14:47:15	DzTjkKse	None	None
lRuZRSuGeesWowQ5k3WF	DR8CAOxSIrsZo2	2023-09-29 14:47:16	bKeW4T6E	None	None
rBm7jNCBzbMSyoXdMFtD	mJzeqss39jM21q	2023-09-29 14:47:17	DzTjkKse	None	None
jns6ERpAXfjaOoH2MHIC	tuX9fUIrix2Pns	2023-09-29 14:47:18	bKeW4T6E	None	None
YqiNUky6bgsUCYOdWHcG	kdw9gthMdxa3Xo	2023-09-29 14:47:18	bKeW4T6E	None	None
PN2jD9BXPmyhfih6Gmfn	TvRyTUGGex9eYm	2023-09-29 14:47:19	bKeW4T6E	None	None
n8WrzWNBIj9ouDWEOM7Z	1LCd8kco9lZUz8	2023-09-29 14:47:21	bKeW4T6E	None	None

Storage

	root	type	region	updated_at	created_by_id
id
ETrD1VEb	/home/runner/work/lamin-usecases/lamin-usecase...	local	None	2023-09-29 14:47:12	DzTjkKse

Transform

	name	short_name	version	type	reference	reference_type	initial_version_id	updated_at	created_by_id
id
1LCd8kco9lZUz8	Project flow	project-flow	0	notebook	None	None	None	2023-09-29 14:47:21	bKeW4T6E
TvRyTUGGex9eYm	Perform single cell analysis, integrate with C...	None	None	notebook	None	None	None	2023-09-29 14:47:21	bKeW4T6E
kdw9gthMdxa3Xo	Postprocess Cell Ranger	None	2.0	pipeline	None	None	None	2023-09-29 14:47:19	bKeW4T6E
tuX9fUIrix2Pns	Cell Ranger	None	7.2.0	pipeline	None	None	None	2023-09-29 14:47:18	bKeW4T6E
mJzeqss39jM21q	Chromium 10x upload	None	None	pipeline	None	None	None	2023-09-29 14:47:17	DzTjkKse
DR8CAOxSIrsZo2	GWS CRIPSRa analysis	None	None	notebook	None	None	None	2023-09-29 14:47:16	bKeW4T6E
qe4pWG3j5vQ745	Upload GWS CRISPRa result	None	None	app	None	None	None	2023-09-29 14:47:15	DzTjkKse

User

	handle	email	name	updated_at
id
bKeW4T6E	testuser2	testuser2@lamin.ai	Test User2	2023-09-29 14:47:18
DzTjkKse	testuser1	testuser1@lamin.ai	Test User1	2023-09-29 14:47:17

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!lamin login testuser1
!lamin delete --force mydata
!rm -r ./mydata

✅ logged in with email testuser1@lamin.ai and id DzTjkKse

💡 deleting instance testuser1/mydata
✅     deleted instance settings file: /home/runner/.lamin/instance--testuser1--mydata.env

✅     instance cache deleted
✅     deleted '.lndb' sqlite file
❗     consider manually deleting your stored data: /home/runner/work/lamin-usecases/lamin-usecases/docs/mydata